Official position2023Open access
A practical review built for standards and decision-making
Commissioned synthesis organizing the literature on welfare, learning, public perceptions, and standards in a highly usable format.
“More frequent reported use of R+ was associated with better obedience and learning ability.”
Source details
Source
Review of dog training methods: welfare, learning ability, and current standards
Makowska & Cavalli
BC SPCA / AnimalKind
Evidence level
Official position
Credibility
Last reviewed
May 30, 2026
Why we included it
Authoritative review report with high practical value for tags and summaries.
WelfareGeneral